Brief Introduction of Audi Quattro
The Audi Quattro is a legendary 2-door coupé that revolutionized the automotive world with its introduction of a high-performance, permanent all-wheel-drive system in a passenger car. Often referred to as the “Ur-Quattro” (with “Ur-” being a German prefix for “original”), this vehicle was not just a car but the genesis of a technology that would define the Audi brand for decades to come. Initially conceived for rally domination, its success on the world’s most demanding stages translated into a road car with unparalleled traction and all-weather capability, creating a new category of performance vehicle. Produced from 1980 to 1991, the Quattro went through several updates and engine variations, securing its place in history as a true automotive icon that perfectly embodied Audi’s “Vorsprung durch Technik” (Advancement through Technology) slogan.
Audi Quattro Overview
| Brand | Audi |
| Model | Quattro (Typ 85) |
| Launch Year | 1980 |
| Price | Launched at DM 49,900 in Germany (1980); Approx. £17,000+ in the UK (1983) |
| Variants | WR, MB, RR (20V), Sport Quattro, Edition Spéciale |
| Body Type | 2-door Coupé |
| Engine | 2.1L & 2.2L Turbocharged Inline-5 (10-valve and 20-valve) |
| Power & Torque | 160 hp – 306 hp; 210 lb-ft – 258 lb-ft (depending on variant) |
| Transmission | 5-speed manual |
| Fuel Type | Petrol |
| Mileage | Approximately 20-25 mpg (UK) / 11-14 L/100km |
| Colors | Mars Red, Tornado Red, Alpine White, Black, Zermatt Silver Metallic, and others. |
| Safety Rating | Not publicly available (Pre-dates modern crash test standards) |
| Dimensions | Approx. 4,404 mm (L) x 1,722 mm (W) x 1,346 mm (H) |
| Boot Space | Information not disclosed |
Generations and History of Audi Quattro
The Audi Quattro was not developed with distinct “generations” in the modern sense but rather evolved through a series of significant mechanical and cosmetic updates over its 11-year production run. Enthusiasts typically categorize the car by its engine codes: WR, MB, and RR.
First Generation (WR Engine: 1980–1987)
The first Audi Quattro was unveiled at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1980. It was a revelation, combining a turbocharged 2,144cc inline-five-cylinder engine (engine code ‘WR’) with a permanent all-wheel-drive system, a first for a production performance car. The design, based on the Audi 80 Coupé (B2 platform), was made aggressive and purposeful with its now-iconic boxy flared wheel arches, styled by Martin Smith, to accommodate a wider track and wheels. The engine produced 200 PS (197 hp) and 285 Nm (210 lb-ft) of torque, enabling a 0-100 km/h (62 mph) time of just 7.1 seconds and a top speed over 220 km/h (137 mph), figures that put it in contention with established sports cars. The early cars featured a manually lockable center and rear differential, operated by levers on the center console.
Second Phase (MB Engine: 1987–1989)
In 1987, Audi introduced the ‘MB’ engine. The displacement was increased to 2,226cc, and while the power output remained 200 PS, the torque was delivered at lower revs for better drivability. A significant technological upgrade during this period was the replacement of the manually locking center differential with a Torsen (Torque Sensing) differential. This unit could automatically distribute power between the front and rear axles, enhancing the car’s already legendary grip and handling without driver intervention. This update made the Quattro’s performance more accessible and refined for daily driving.
Latest Generation (RR Engine – 20V: 1989–1991)
The final and most powerful version of the road-going Quattro arrived in 1989, featuring the ‘RR’ engine. This was a significant evolution, introducing a double-overhead-cam, 20-valve cylinder head to the 2,226cc block. Power jumped to 220 PS (217 hp), and torque increased to 309 Nm (228 lb-ft), available at a very low 1,950 rpm. This enhancement dropped the 0-60 mph time to around 6.3 seconds and pushed the top speed to over 143 mph. The interior of the 20V models also received upgrades, including a new three-spoke steering wheel and more extensive leather trim. Production of the original Audi Quattro ceased in May 1991 after a total of 11,452 units were built.
Audi Quattro Facelifts and Yearly Updates
| Year | Change / Update |
| 1983 | Combined single-lens headlamp units replaced the original quad-headlamp design. A digital LCD instrument cluster was introduced, initially with green graphics. |
| 1984 | Suspension was lowered by 20mm with new springs and shocks. The rear anti-roll bar was removed to improve stability. ABS became standard. Wheels were widened from 6-inch to 8-inch Ronal rims. |
| 1985 | Major facelift included a new, sloped front grille and headlights for better aerodynamics. Smoked tail lights were fitted. Body shells began to be galvanized for better corrosion resistance. |
| 1987 | The ‘MB’ engine (2,226cc) was introduced. The manually locking center differential was replaced by a Torsen differential. |
| 1988 | The digital dashboard display changed from green to orange illumination. |
| 1989 | The ‘RR’ 20-valve engine was introduced, boosting power to 220 PS. |
Audi Quattro Variants and Features
Beyond the primary engine evolutions, Audi produced highly exclusive and sought-after variants of the Quattro, primarily for motorsport homologation.
Audi Sport Quattro
To compete in the fierce Group B rally category, Audi created the Sport Quattro in 1984. This was a homologation special, with only 214 units built. It featured a significantly shortened wheelbase (by 320mm) to improve agility and a body made from lightweight materials like Kevlar and aluminum. Its 2,133cc 20-valve engine (code ‘KW’) featured an aluminum block and produced a formidable 306 hp in road trim, rocketing the car from 0-60 mph in a staggering 4.8 seconds. The Sport Quattro was a raw, purpose-built machine that represented the pinnacle of Audi’s rally engineering for the road.
Edition Spéciale
In 1988, a limited run of 200 individually numbered cars known as the ‘Edition Spéciale’ was produced for the Swiss market. These cars featured the detuned 162 hp ‘WX’ engine (similar to the US and Japanese market versions), but came with a high level of specification, including a full leather interior, air conditioning, cruise control, and a sunroof, positioning it as a more refined Grand Tourer.
Audi Quattro Engine, Performance, and Driving Experience
The heart of the Quattro has always been its distinctive inline-five-cylinder turbocharged engine. The early 2.1L ‘WR’ engine was known for its unique warble and significant turbo lag, which, when overcome, delivered a thrilling surge of power. The revolutionary all-wheel-drive system provided immense traction, making the car incredibly capable and confidence-inspiring, especially on slippery or loose surfaces. The suspension, with MacPherson struts all around, offered a good balance of comfort and control. The later 2.2L ‘MB’ engine offered more low-end torque, making it a more flexible daily driver. The ultimate ‘RR’ 20-valve engine transformed the car, with its minimal lag and eager revving nature providing near-supercar levels of acceleration for its time. Across all generations, the driving experience was defined by its incredible point-to-point pace, secure handling, and the feeling of being connected to a piece of motorsport history.
Audi Quattro Pricing and Mileage
When launched in Germany in 1980, the Audi Quattro was priced at a premium DM 49,900, significantly more than the standard Audi Coupé. By 1983 in the UK, the price was over £17,000, placing it in competition with cars like the Porsche 944. Due to its hand-built nature and advanced technology, it was always an expensive and exclusive vehicle. Today, as a classic, its value has appreciated significantly, with pristine examples commanding high prices from collectors. Running costs are a consideration for ownership; fuel economy typically ranges from 20-25 mpg (UK). Maintenance can be costly, with some parts becoming increasingly rare and requiring specialist knowledge.
Audi Quattro Colors, Design, and Dimensions
The Quattro’s design is an icon of the 1980s. Its aggressive, box-flared wheel arches are its most defining feature, giving it a muscular and purposeful stance. The car was available in a range of colors, including striking shades like Tornado Red and Mars Red, as well as more subtle options like Alpine White and various metallics. The 1985 facelift introduced a more modern, sloped grille and single-piece headlights. Inside, the cabin was functional and driver-focused, with early cars featuring bold patterned velour upholstery. Later models and special editions offered full leather interiors. The dimensions remained largely consistent throughout its production, with a length of 4,404 mm, a width of 1,722 mm, and a height of 1,346 mm. It rode on 15-inch wheels, which were widened from 6 to 8 inches in 1984.
Audi Quattro Safety Features
- Four-Wheel Drive System: The primary active safety feature, providing superior traction and stability in all conditions.
- Disc Brakes: Equipped with four-wheel disc brakes (ventilated at the front) for effective stopping power.
- ABS (Anti-lock Braking System): Became a standard feature from the 1984 model year, a significant safety advancement for the era.
- Crash Test Ratings: The car predates modern standardized crash testing, so no formal ratings are available. Its construction was based on the robust B2 platform.
Audi Quattro Infotainment and Connectivity
As a car of the 1980s, the Quattro’s infotainment options were modest by today’s standards. The primary system was a high-quality radio/cassette player, with brands like Blaupunkt being common factory fits. Some models featured a synthesized voice warning system that would alert the driver to potential issues, a novel feature at the time. The most significant technological feature in the cabin was the digital LCD instrument panel introduced in 1983, which displayed speed and revs in a futuristic, albeit very ’80s, fashion. There were no features like Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, or navigation systems. Connectivity was limited to the radio antenna.
Audi Quattro Owner Reviews & Ratings
Retrospective reviews and owner feedback frequently praise the Ur-Quattro for its revolutionary driving experience and timeless design. Owners often highlight the incredible sense of security and speed provided by the all-wheel-drive system, especially in adverse weather. The unique sound of the five-cylinder engine is another point of affection. However, ownership is not without its challenges. Common complaints for this classic car include the high cost and scarcity of certain parts, the potential for electrical issues (especially with the digital dash), and the need for specialist mechanic knowledge. Common mechanical faults noted by long-term owners include cracked exhaust manifolds and various vacuum leaks, typical for turbocharged cars of this age. Despite the maintenance demands, most owners view the car as a rewarding piece of automotive history.
Audi Quattro Comparison with Similar Cars
In the 1980s, the Audi Quattro carved its own niche, but it was often compared to other performance icons of the era. Its main rivals included the Porsche 944 Turbo, the BMW M3 (E30), and the Lancia Delta Integrale. The 944 Turbo offered superior handling balance due to its transaxle layout but lacked the Quattro’s all-weather capability. The E30 M3 was a pure, rear-wheel-drive driver’s car celebrated for its racing pedigree and sharp handling, but it couldn’t match the Audi’s grip on wet or loose surfaces. The Lancia Delta Integrale was perhaps its closest spiritual competitor, also a turbocharged, all-wheel-drive rally legend. The Integrale was often seen as more raw and agile, while the Quattro was considered the more stable and refined Grand Tourer of the two. In terms of price, the Quattro was positioned as a premium product, often costing more than its rivals.
Audi Quattro Awards and Recognition
- Rally Success: The Quattro’s primary recognition came from the world of motorsport. It won the World Rally Championship manufacturers’ title in 1982 and 1984.
- Drivers’ Championships: Hannu Mikkola (1983) and Stig Blomqvist (1984) won the WRC drivers’ title behind the wheel of a Quattro.
- Pikes Peak Hill Climb: A Sport Quattro won the famous Pikes Peak International Hill Climb in 1985, driven by Michèle Mouton.
- Game-Changer Recognition: It is widely recognized by automotive journalists and historians as one of the most influential cars of the 20th century for popularizing all-wheel drive in performance cars.
Interesting Facts about Audi Quattro
- The idea for the Quattro system was inspired by chassis engineer Jörg Bensinger’s experience with the Volkswagen Iltis military vehicle, which showed superior traction in snow.
- Each Ur-Quattro was partially hand-built on a dedicated production line by a small team, with each car taking about a week to complete.
- The name “Quattro” was almost “Carat,” an abbreviation for Coupé All-Wheel-Drive Turbo, before the now-iconic Italian word for “four” was chosen.
- In 1981, Michèle Mouton became the first and only woman to win a World Rally Championship event, driving an Audi Quattro.
Audi Quattro Legacy and Influence
The Audi Quattro’s impact on the automotive industry is immense. It single-handedly proved that all-wheel drive was a viable, high-performance technology for road cars, not just off-road vehicles. Its dominance in the World Rally Championship forced every other manufacturer to develop their own all-wheel-drive systems to remain competitive; no two-wheel-drive car would win the title again after 1983 (with one exception in 1983). The Quattro system transformed Audi’s brand image from a conservative automaker to a leader in cutting-edge technology and performance. The success of this single model led to “quattro” (with a lowercase ‘q’) becoming a sub-brand for all of Audi’s subsequent all-wheel-drive models, a system that is now a cornerstone of the company’s identity and is available across its entire vehicle lineup.
Audi Quattro Global Availability
The Audi Quattro was primarily sold in European markets. Right-hand drive models for the UK became officially available in late 1982. The car was also exported to North America, though in very limited numbers. Only 664 units were officially sold in the United States between the 1983 and 1986 model years. North American versions differed from their European counterparts, featuring larger impact bumpers, different headlights, and a detuned engine (the ‘WX’ version with 160 hp) to meet stricter emissions regulations. Models for the Swiss and Japanese markets also received this detuned engine. Today, many European-spec cars have been privately imported to other regions under classic car importation rules.
Audi Quattro Maintenance and Ownership Costs
Owning an Audi Ur-Quattro today is a commitment for the enthusiast. Maintenance costs can be high due to the car’s complexity and the increasing rarity of specific parts. While the five-cylinder engines are known for their durability if well-maintained, issues can arise. Common problems include cracked exhaust manifolds, failing turbos due to heat soak, and electrical gremlins, particularly with the digital dashboard. Spare parts availability can be a challenge, although specialists and Audi Tradition do provide some support. The resale value of the Ur-Quattro has been steadily increasing, with well-maintained, original examples being highly sought after by collectors, making it a significant investment. Regular servicing by a knowledgeable specialist is crucial to its longevity and reliability.
Final Words about Audi Quattro
The Audi Quattro is more than just a classic car; it’s a landmark vehicle that altered the trajectory of performance automobiles. Its appeal lies in its unique combination of brutalist 1980s styling, a characterful five-cylinder turbo engine, and the game-changing security of all-wheel drive. It is a car that is equally suited for a spirited drive on a winding road as it is for providing secure transport in challenging weather, a duality that few cars of its era could match. For a prospective buyer today, it represents an opportunity to own a tangible piece of motorsport and engineering history. While it demands dedicated maintenance, the reward is an engaging and iconic driving experience that cemented Audi’s place at the forefront of automotive innovation. The legacy of the original Quattro lives on in every modern Audi that bears the lowercase ‘quattro’ badge, a testament to the profound influence of this rally-bred legend.